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Archway is a district centred on its tube station, on the edge of inner north London, being approximately the Junction ward of the London Borough of Islington. Almost all of Archway traditionally fell within Upper Holloway or Highgate centred in either direction along the fledgling A1 and its bypassed predecessor respectively. Archway's bypassed road Highgate Hill (road) remained residential unlike its mixed use within Highgate proper and Archway, centred on its Tower and tube station, gained its own central commercial precinct. Topographically Archway is of medium elevation between Highgate above and Islington below and has seven small parks and two large parks, border parks considered: a large proportion of the west of Archway is Whittington Hospital beyond which is a larger area divided between Highgate Cemetery and Waterlow Park. ==History== The name derives from the Archway bridge built in part of south Highgate for the minor road between south Highgate and Crouch End, Hornsey in 1896, the predecessor of Hornsey Lane Bridge. A tunnel was attempted more than once for the Highgate bypass (to join the Great North Road by avoiding the steep Highgate Hill (road) and narrow roads of Highgate village) however these failed on collapsing. Instead, today's large cutting was recommended by John Rennie and a high, multi-arched road bridge across this. The first bridge of 1813 was designed by John Nash and demolished in 1901; its replacement occasionally colloquially termed "suicide bridge" after a spate of such incidents in the early 20th century dates from 1897. The minor road over is Hornsey Lane. Archway has come to designate the smaller than catchment of its underground station relative to all other stations. The official parishes and neighbourhoods within its definition are Highgate and Upper Holloway with a very small part of Islington. Upper Holloway has become in modern use generally restricted to the smaller catchment around its railway station and post office. Seven Bus routes in London commence or end at 'Archway' and the term became mainstream across most social classes after its tube station abandoned its previous names of Highgate (until 1939) and subsequently Highgate (Archway) and Archway (Highgate). In today's purely religious ecclesiastical parish system (once having had relief-for-the-poor vestries and highways churchwardens), the area is split between ''Whitehall Park, Upper Holloway'' and ''St John the Evangelist, Upper Holloway''.〔(In which parishes does Archway lie - searchable map. ) The Church of England. Retrieved 2015-03-06.〕 The Archway Road is part of the A1 or Great North Road, one of the original toll roads. From 1813 – 1864, Archway was the site of a toll gate, where travellers had to pay for the next stage of their journey. A plaque on the block of flats at 1 Pauntley Street commemorates the gate.〔Plaques of London http://www.plaquesoflondon.co.uk/page61.html〕 Highgate Hill, the road from Archway to Highgate village, was the route of the first motorised cable car in Europe operating between 1884 and 1909. It was at Archway that Dick Whittington heard the Bow Bells ringing and returned to London. There is a statue on Highgate Hill to commemorate this (see below). Pauntley Street takes its name from the village of Pauntley in the Forest of Dean, Gloucestershire, traditionally regarded as Dick Whittington’s birthplace.〔Daily Mail: Road to riches http://www.dailymail.co.uk/travel/article-2076060/Dick-Whittingtons-road-riches-Following-footsteps-Gloucestershire-London.html〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Archway, London」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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